[4] The nutritive value of this forage is high when the grass is young, but it decreases with maturity. J. Japan. Figure 6. In order to maximize intake, it can be useful to allow a high level of selection of forage by cows, by offering 10 to 20% excess feed depending on the maturity and cut (Mbwile et al., 1997b). Feathertop Rhodes grass, with its distinctive seed head, is steadily travelling across the country even being seen along the Eyre Highway crossing the Nullarbor Plain. The treatment combination were seed rate of 30 kg ha-1 of . Seeds are ovoid, 1 mm long and can be coloured black, brown or dull green. 1 Prepare your soil. It is native to Kenya and many other sub-Saharan Africa countries. The inflorescences are light greenish brown (rarely yellow) in colour, and turn darker brown as they mature (Cook et al., 2005). Chloris gayanacan be mixed with oats or wheat that provide protection during winter, or it can be broadcasted in maize, sorghum or cotton crops (Duke, 1983). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. Chloris gayana can be sown alone or in combination with various other grasses such as Paspalum dilatatum, Setaria sphacelata, Cenchrus ciliaris or slower growing cultivars of Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) (Cook et al., 2005). It is commonly established from seed. [4] This too is important for being able to use this type of grass efficiently. Produces forage for livestock and wildlife Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) is a summer-growing, stoloniferous perennial, whose runners provide good soil cover for erosion control. Herbicide susceptibility Effect of various bale treatments on physical quality and chemical composition of rhodes grass (, Harwood, M. R. ; Hacker, J. By providing your personal information to WeedSmart you are agreeing WeedSmart may use your information for the primary purpose of contacting you about WeedSmarts activities, including receiving newsletters and participating in surveys in accordance with the. Advice at Bunnings Whether it is an area for your kids to play on, entertaining guests or just something nice to look at, when growing a lawn it's important to. For a more natural alternative to traditional weed control, spray weeds with Yates Zero Naturals Weed & Moss Killer - with active ingredients clove oil and acetic acid. Similarly, digestibility may vary from 80% in very young growth to 40% in older growth. Generally not suitable for silage . Management, 17 (4): 511-521, Tagari, H. ; Ben-Ghedalia, D., 1977. Cuban J. Agric. Field evaluation of seven grasses for use in the revegetation of lands disturbed by coal mining in Central Queensland. Traits such as its ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions, its drought-resistance and its ability to rapidly reproduce both by seeds and vegetatively have facilitated its escape from cultivation and subsequent naturalization. Technol., 70 (1): 79-95, Milford, R. ; Minson, D., 1968. Application or Use: Pasture, Cattle Forage, Livestock Grazing, Hay Production Trop. Adapted to a wide variety of soil types, it is only moderately tolerant to frost but tolerant to salinity. per acre. Plant: Tufted perennial grass 1 2m tall, spreading by looping runners forming new plants along the runners (stolons). Footnotes. Nutgrass is a common weed in lawns, garden beds, parks and pastures, and favours moist and boggy soils. A seeding rate of half a pound of pure live seed (PLS) per acre is recommended. $39.99, $44.99 Using it as a cover crop improves soil structure, water infiltration and water-holding capacity, and its development lowers soil temperature during summer (Valenzuela et al., 2002). in length, which turn green and light brown at maturity. Cows not only prefer to eat leaves rather than stems but have the ability to select leaves over stems in Rhodes grass (Mbwile et al., 1997b; Ehrlich et al., 2003a). Tropical forages. The stems are semi-prostrate, which means they grow close to the ground and can produce roots and stems at the nodes (stoloniferous), making it an incredibly invasive weed. B. ; Mott, J. J., 1999. Your input is very much appreciated. Short answer: Physical removal of isolated plants, patch cultivation, burning and optical spray technology. Legumes: Carbon Buster stylo, burgundy bean, butterfly pea, glycine, lotononis, lucerne, medics, serradella, siratro, and white clover. Sci., 17 (3): 233-242, Quattrocchi, U., 2006. The stand begins to produce valuable forage within 6 months, though the highest yield is obtained during the second year of cultivation (FAO, 2014;Cook et al., 2005). Central Research Station, Mazabuka, N. Rhodesia, Work, S. H., 1937. In Australia, it has been mixed withbutterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) for revegetation purpose (Cook et al., 2005). Scotts Lawn Builder 750g Superstrike Hot And Dry Lawn Seed. Effect of different species and mixtures of pastures on milk production. This perennial weed forms a large clump of tufted grass with short underground rhizomes. Grassl. ability to handle repeated cutting or grazing over a number of years. Effects of inoculation with lactic acid bacteria on the bacterial communities of Italian ryegrass, whole crop maize, guinea grass and rhodes grass silages. Dealing with a feathertop Rhodes grass problem? While weakened, by glyphosate at normal rates, it mostly survives unless resprayed. Rhodes Grass, also known as Feathertop Rhodes Grass, is a large clumping perennial or annual weed that grows up to 1 m tall. Nutrient digestibility and effect of heat treatment. particularly well suited to arid or Sci., 36 (2): 197-202, Sun, D. ; Liddle, M. J., 1993. Scotts Lawn Builder 1.4kg Lawn Thickener Lawn Seed. Warm season perennial bunchgrass Both Annual and Perennial Ryegrass species are upright clumping grasses made up of dark green glossy leaves that are tinged purple at the base. Would you consider donating? in length, which turn green and light brown at maturity. Let us offer you our best Farmer Direct pricing! Rhodes grass is very tolerant of cutting or grazing. However,Chloris gayanawas shown to outcompete summer weeds and has been considered helpful for controlling their development (Moore, 2006). Anim. Grassl. Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) is an important tropical grass widespread in tropical and subtropical countries. Particularly suited to sandy soils and sandy loam. Breeder seed is maintained by USDA-NRCS, E. "Kika" de la Garza Plant . Potential of the indigenous desert grasses of the Arabian Peninsula for forage production in a water-scarce region. Improvement of nutritive value of tropical grasses by physical or chemical treatment. It is native to Africa but it can be found throughout the tropical and subtropical world as a naturalized species. [8]:1128 It is important to note however that both tetraploid and diploid varieties at the pre-flowering stage of growth have "adequate concentrations of nutrients". The seeds establish . Soc. Seeds can be broadcasted or shallow-drilled (5-10 mm depth) during fall. Here are some of the most common grass weeds found in Australia. Grasses: NuCal guinea grass, buffel grass, green and gatton panics, setaria. We have been established for over 22 years and our core business over that time has mostly involved working to improve varieties of grasses to better meet the needs of our customers and their livestock. Seeds can be broadcasted or shallow-drilled (5-10 mm depth) during fall. Growing Locations:Warm Season, Transition Zone Just be careful not to spray nearby lawns or plants as it may injure or kill them. Exp. Production potential Rhodes grass. Rhodes grass readily establishes and provides cover within 3 months of sowing (Moore, 2006). Palatability $149.99, $27.99 Rhodes Grass should not be grazed the first year, but once established can support rotational or continuous grazing. Trop. Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries of Queensland, Land Protection (Invasive Plants and Animals), Biosecurity Queensland. "FTR grass is moving rapidly along roadsides and most invasions occur from a boundary fence, with seed blown into a paddock. Rhodes Grass is a native warm-season perennial Bunchgrass, reaching height of 2 to 5 ft. and produces feathery seed heads, 1 to 2 in. "Often the first obvious sign of feathertop Rhodes grass will be a few large plants with the seed head 'skeletons' pointing toward the sky," he says. Rhodes grass is suited to both rainfed and irrigated pastures. Click the button below to get your free quote started. Subscribe to our newsletter for the latest resources on herbicide resistance in Australia. It is tolerant of Li but not of Mn and Mg (Cook et al., 2005). Agric. Its creeping habit provides good soil stabilisation and, in Australia, it is commonly used for the revegetation of mine-disturbed soils (Harwood et al., 1999). Selenium:Metabolism, Toxicity, and Deficiency. Soc. B. ; Wanyoike, M. M., 1990. rapid response to moisture and temperature. Dairy cows grazing irrigated Rhodes grass pasture (2 to 6 weeks regrowth, after the 2ndor 3rdcut) mulched at least once a year produced more than 14.3 kg/d of milk when supplemented with 5 kg of cereal-based concentrate per cow at a stocking rate up to 3.7 cows/ha (Ehrlich et al., 2003a). The nutritive value of Rhodes grass (, Cook, B. G.; Pengelly, B. C.; Brown, S. D.; Donnelly, J. L.; Eagles, D. A.; Franco, M. A. ; Hanson, J.; Mullen, B. F.; Partridge, I. J.; Peters, M.; Schultze-Kraft, R., 2005. Leaves: Leaf blades are hairless except at the base near the stem, and usually of the order of 30 - 40cm long and 3 - 5mm wide, tapering to a point. Actively growing plants should be sprayed with a suitable weedkiller, such as Yates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller - a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills weeds roots and all. Plant morphological characteristics and resistance to simulated trampling. For a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills roots and all, spray weeds withYates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate. 1, 69 p. Chaudhry, A. S. ; Cowan, R. T. ; Granzin, B. C. ; Klieve, A. V. ; Lawrence, T. L. J., 2001. Use a rake to clear it out and flatten the surface as much as possible. A searchable catalogue of grass and forage legumes. - agriculture, innovation, production | 2.4K views, 26 likes, 0 loves, 4 comments, 34 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Selected Seeds: Stan speaks with Andy McLean from Haddon Rig about intensive. It was introduced into India, Pakistan, Australia and the USA. (2) $29 .89. (50) $26 .94. No matter the project, our international sales team is happy to provide you with a quick quote for bulk seeds delivered anywhere in the world! Its greenish-brown seed-heads are borne at the tops of the stems. Factsheet PP91. Above average service is why our clients can rely on ICS as a long-term partner. Did you find the information you were looking for? In Australia,Chloris gayanafed at a late stage of maturity was fed to lactating cows of moderate yield, generally with supplementation. Tetraploid Rhodes grasses are more suited to higher rainfall and longer season environments. Seeding rates: New Lawns: 10 grams per square meter (2kgs/100m2). This permit states that a fallow application must be applied to small weeds and followed with paraquat within 10 days. Rhodes Grass is considered a major pest and is widespread along eastern parts of Australia. Each spikelet in the raceme is a few millimeters long and contains one or two fertile florets and up to four sterile florets. Is it valuable to you? CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA, Raharjo, Y.; Cheeke, P. R.; Patton, N. M.; Supriyati, K., 1986. Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass, leafy, approximately 1-2m in height, and highly variable in habit. The highest recorded yield is about 30-40 t DM/ha while the average yield is in the 10-16 t DM/ha range (Ecocrop, 2014;Murphy, 2010). Agric. Rhodes grass can be a high quality forage for ruminants when grazed or harvested at an early stage of maturity. It is a useful forage for pasture and hay, drought-resistant and very productive, of high quality when young. ), Animal feed resources for small-scale livestock producers - Proc. It was introduced as stock feed or fodder for cattle sheep. Garden Basics 1kg Lawn Repair Lawn Seed And Fertiliser. Compare. Rhodes Grass is the ideal grass for feeding all ruminant animals. The flower spikes are green or purple and crowded along the tip of the stalk. Tetraploids are generally more palatable due to increased sugar content. E. Afr. It was recommended to allow for 30 to 50% of refusals, depending on maturity, so that the animals could select the most digestible parts. Evaluation of tropical forages and by-products feeds for rabbit production : 1. Bull. Heuz V., Tran G., Boudon A., Lebas F., 2016. It is advisable to use an establishment application of say 200 300 kg/ha of superphosphate on less fertile soils. Flowers resemble a crow's foot and are in groups of 2-10 spikelets with one spikelet growing lower down the flower stem. 2. Handbook of Energy Crops. Brome Grasses persists so well in landscapes due to their prolific seed-bearing nature, producing an average of 1000 / m2. However, too frequent cutting or grazing (say every 14 days) leads to production losses and stand decline. Rhodes grass is used in permanent pastures or in short to medium term ley pastures. It spreads readily by seed and runners. The digestibility and nutritive value of three grasses at different stages of growth. semi-arid zones, where good water Hay harvested at a later stage of maturity has a low protein content and a high fibre content, particularly in the stems, and it should be supplemented when fed to ruminants with nutritional requirements higher than those necessary for maintenance. Nematode resistance in cultivar Katambora. Its latitudinal range is between 18-33N and S, and it grows from sea level up to 2000-2400 m in equatorial areas, and up to 1000 m in subtropical areas (Ecocrop, 2014; Mengistu, 1985). Longer answer: Pre-harvest desiccation will allow earlier harvest, particularly in crops like canola that allow more light in toward the end of the season. Many herbicide-tolerant pulse varieties are very specific in their tolerance to different active ingredients, even from the same mode of action group. Get in touch and well help you choose the right Rhodes grass for your production goals, 11 Grevillea Street, Pittsworth QLD Australia. An important feature of Chloris gayana is its drought tolerance. Rhodes grass hay was then able to meet sheep maintenance requirements (x 1.1-1.2) (Mero et al., 1998). Rhodes grass. Aeschynomene Seed (Deer Vetch) Cover Crop Seed, Aeschynomene Seed (Deer Vetch) for Deer Food Plot, Bird Seed for Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Cattle Seed for Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Chicken Seed for Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Contractor Seed Mixtures (Transition Climate), Fescue Grass Seed for Golf Course & Athletic Field, Goat Seed for Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Hancock's Signature Pasture & Forage Seed Mixes, Hancock's Signature Series Food Plot Seed, Horse Seed for Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Seashore Paspalum Golf Course / Athletic Turf Seed, Vegetable Seed For Homestead, Animal, & Garden, Produces forage for livestock and wildlife, Extremely drought tolerant once established. They start off greenish to red-brown and as they mature, darken to brown or straw colour. OM digestibility in grazing heifers was higher during the wet season than during the dry season (Abate et al., 1981). Soc. They're found in lawns, garden beds, verges and pastures. Managing rhodes grass (, FAO, 2014. Effects of supplementing a basal diet of, Murphy, S., 2010. It forms small clumps of bluish-green stems and leaf blades between 5-25 cm long. Scotts Lawn Builder 2.5kg Grub And Insect Control Slow Release Fertiliser. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/480 Last updated on April 15, 2016, 14:23, Feedipedia - Animal Feed Resources Information System - INRAE CIRAD AFZ and FAO 2012-2022 | Copyright | Disclaimer | Login | Logout, Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value, English correction by Tim Smith (Animal Science consultant) and Hlne Thiollet (AFZ). Leaves: Leaf blades are hairless except at the base near the stem, and usually of the order of 30 40cm long and 3 5mm wide, tapering to a point. That way you can apply the product directly where it is needed. Reapply every 10-14 days if regrowth occurs. Echinochloa colona - Awnless Barnyard Grass. Improvement of nutritive value of tropical grasses by physical or chemical treatment. It is very susceptible to the selective grass herbicide, haloxyfop (Verdict), even when mature. Thats why we have been a successful supplier of efficient machines and high quality seeds to farms and investors in the Middle East and Africa for close to 30 years. Agric. J. Agric. Major pests As its name suggests, the seeds are "awnless". The stand should be maintained in a leafy condition by fairly regular cutting or grazing, since feeding value declines rapidly with onset of flowering. This would be economically feasible for resource poor farmers. [12]:3 Managing weeds, soil erosion, and improving the soil are all important issues a farmer must deal with. Service, Sustainable Agriculture Cover Crops. Less work is required to maintain this grass which means that the farmers can focus on other priorities. "[10]:38 Intercropping Chloris gayana with a food crop is a practical method farmers can use when it comes to sustainable agricultural development. A., 1983. Progressive Seeds is a wholly Australian owned Queensland Seed company. Seeding rates: New Lawns: 30 grams per square meter (3kg/100m2). Crude protein levels vary with age of regrowth and level of available soil nitrogen, from about 17% (on a DM basis) in very young leaf, to 3% in old leaves. Effect of wet treatment with sodium hydroxide on chemical composition and dry matter digestibility. Join the Yates Garden Community to receive personalised monthly emails, and hear about exclusive promotions and giveaways. It is also beneficial to farmers who own land with poor soil. In Tanzania,in vivoOM digestibility decreased from 76% at 6 weeks of regrowth to 60% at 12 weeks of regrowth in cows fed fresh Rhodes grass (Mbwile et al., 1997b). Because Rhodes grass seeds are fluffy, they may need to be coated or mixed with a carrier to improve the flow through the seeder (Moore, 2006). Cobalt concentrations in pasture species grown in several cattle grazing areas of Queensland. In Kenya, dairy heifers grazing Rhodes grass had an average daily gain of 581 g/day during a one year experiment with a stocking rate of 2 livestock unit/ha, but the pattern of gain ranged between 200 and 1100 g/d according to the period of the year. FAO, Rome, Italy, French, M. H., 1943. Aust. Agronomo agronomist, Andrew Storrie says prolific seed production and its ability to withstand herbicides makes this weed difficult, but not impossible, to control. None of the treatments had positive effects on the in vivo nutritive value or storage quality of young Chloris gayana silage (Chaudhry et al., 2001). Not all the seed germinates with the first rain event so there are usually multiple germinations over summer, however most seed in the seed bank is from a single season of seed production rather than accumulating over years.. Ensiling of Rhodes grass has been little studied, since it is difficult to ensile due to its high moisture coupled with low contents of water-soluble carbohydrates, similar to other tropical grasses (Parvin et al., 2010). Any amount is the welcome. Good competitor for weeds such as spiny burr grass. Provides nesting cover for game birds Yates 1kg Tuffgrass Lawn Seed. Chloris gayana is a species of grass known by the common name Rhodes grass. Once established, C. gayana often grows to form almost pure stands that smother native species. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production. Rhodes grass varXTozi Chloris gayana Finger grass, Kunth Graminaceae Description Rhodes grass (chlorisgayana)var XTozi is a leafy perennial and grows to a height of between 30150cm, depending on ecological zone, soil conditions and prevailing climatic conditions. Feathertop Rhodes grass is an exotic species that first gained a foothold in the northern grain growing region in response to a shift to low tillage production systems. Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass. Avg: average or predicted value; SD: standard deviation; Min: minimum value; Max: maximum value; Nb: number of values (samples) used. In Tanzania, lactating Friesian cows were fed with fresh Rhodes grass that was supplemented only with a small amount of salts. Supplementation, when forage is of low quality, was recommended in order to sustain an average daily gain of 550 g/d (Abate et al., 1981). It can carry about 1 4 beasts/ha depending on pasture productivity and size of animal. It forms tufts and can spread into wide monotypic stands. It has moderate frost tolerance, with Katambora and Pioneer types being less affected by frost than is Callide. The flowering stems produce flat spikes along the tip of the stalk and appear in winter and early spring. Rhodes grass is a forage of highly variable composition. In: Kategile, J. Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of the grasses, Valenzuela, H. ; Smith, J., 2002. Wise up to your weed status. Rhodes grass, abyssinian Rhodes grass, Callide Rhodes grass, common Rhodes grass [English]; chloris, herbe de Rhodes [French]; capim de Rhodes [Portuguese]; grama de Rodas, pasto de Rodas, pasto Rhodes, zacate gordura [Spanish]; rhodesgras [Afrikaans]; koro-korosan [Philippines/Tagalog]; banuko [Philippines/Ilokano]; [Chinese]; [Japanese]. Husb., 25 (2): 380-391, Schlink, A. C. ; Lindsay, J. Bromuscatharticus syn. To ensure we give you accurate information about products and stock availability, please set your delivery location. management is imperative. They are later flowering and less cold tolerant. Env. Grassland Research in Northern Nigeria. Personal communication. Its leaves are long and wide, while the roots go deep, down to 4.5m. It is usually sown in areas receiving an average annual rainfall of 700 1,200mm, and is well-suited to irrigation. In particular, the stems and leaf sheaths of Rhodes grass andCenchrus ciliariscontain a very high amount of NDF and lignin, and have a lowin vitrodigestibility compared to that of most temperate forages. Selected Seeds identified the need to develop cultivars with quality attributes such as small stem size, high leaf to stem ratio, high yield, high salt tolerance and aggressive spreading habits. I like but this time I can not buy do not understand because it is not available the product for purchase Rhodes Grass seed. Seed should be sown on the surface of a well-prepared seedbed. [4] Its ideal soil would be anything greater than a 4.3 pH level in terms of acidity. The seed head has an open hand shape and encompasses 2-10 one-sided or double-sided racemes, 4-15 cm long. Free shipping when you spend $25 or more on seeds, Free shipping when you spend $50 or more on other products, 2023 Yates, a division of DuluxGroup (Australia) Pty Ltd, Yates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate, Yates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller. Rhodes grass does better on fertile, well-structured soils and it prefers soil pH between 5.5 and 7.5. 18:847-850. Acute toxicity occurs at 3 mg of selenium per kg BW in cattle and causes death within a few days after intoxication, with no known treatment. Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) Rhodes grass is a tufted perennial, usually stoloniferous (varies with genotype), with foliage from 0.5-1.2 m, and fertile tillers from 0.9-2 m tall. The spikelets (over 32) are densely imbricated and have two awns. If the grass is used to make hay, cuttings can be done once a month (Ghl, 1982). 21-40, Leng, R. A., 1990. It is excellent at restoring soil structure, improving organic matter and reducing nematode numbers. This perennial weed grows between 20-50 cm tall with narrow, light green linear leaves that arise from a tuft at the base of the stem. In warmer climates, their growth can be restricted. If this is done before the seed drops, significant costs can be avoided. [5]:2 This too is good for farmers when it comes to covering bare soil. Effect of steam treatment on chemical composition and dry matter digestibility. The association of Rhodes grass with a number of legumes has been shown to improve yields. - Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana), aerial part, fresh, Abate, A. ; Kayongo-Male, H. ; Karue, C. N., 1981. Tropical perennial grasses root depths, growth and water use efficiency. Ask your questions about controloptions for feathertop Rhodes grass onFacebook,Twitteror leave a comment below. Grazing may maintainChloris gayanain a leafy and highly nutritive condition provided grazing is not too heavy and practised over short periods. Rhodes grass can grow in a variety of soil conditions. Optimal annual rainfall is about 600-750 mm with a summer-rainfall period (Ecocrop, 2014; Moore, 2006; Cook et al., 2005). - Improvement of nutritive value of tropical grasses by physical or chemical treatment. Seed burial through tillage or high soil disturbance sowing operations (e.g., knife points) may increase the persistence of FTR and WMG seeds in the soil. Once established, Rhodes Grass is extremely drought-tolerant, and does not tolerate cold temperatures. J. Japan. If yes, please click on the button Donate.Any amount is the welcome. Rep. Hawaii agric. The seeds can also remain viable in the soil for up to three years. Rabbit Res., 9 (2): 56-66, Ramchurn, R., 1979. Production levels decline without a vigorous legume or the use of fertiliser nitrogen. To avoid overspray, when spraying keep the nozzle as close to the weed as possible. "Grass weeds" is a term used to describe weeds that are grasses (plants from the Poaceae family) or look like grasses. Alternatively, you could apply the product usingYates Zero Weeding Brush. The above-mentioned Brome Grasses are the most common of the Brome Grass. As soon as favourable conditions occur in early spring, the grass resumes active growth and it provides full groundcover within 3 months of sowing (NSWDPI, 2004). NewCROPS web site, Purdue University, Ecocrop, 2014. For a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills roots and all, spray weeds withYates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate. We are agronomists specialists in crops, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) is a summer-growing, stoloniferous perennial, whose runners provide good soil cover for erosion control. Blair Rains, A., 1963. Rhodes Grass grows well in sandy soils, and will tolerate soils that are slightly saline. Once clumps have been killed, dig out with mattock or similar tool. Grazing/cutting It can be a high quality forage when young (4 weeks of regrowth or less), with a protein content of over 15% DM (Mbwile et al., 1997a; Mero et al., 1997; Milford et al., 1968). Chloris gayanais characterized by the particularly low nutritive value of the stems compared to the leaves (Mbwile et al., 1997a; Mero et al., 1997; Milford et al., 1968). Establishment on acidic soils is difficult. Maintenance fertiliser
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