Although the program ended in 1964, the immigration trend has continued to the present day, and many of these immigrants work as migrant laborers in the U.S. agricultural system. Her face lights up when you share this. The material in this section is part of a larger project by the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics on culturally competent care; that is, health care that is sensitive to the differing values and needs of cultural subgroups within our pluralistic society. Traditionally, conditions may be referred to as either "hot" or "cold". In either case, they are treated with the opposite hot or cold treatment. Demographics and Addiction. They are written by health care providers and others who work with the relevant Latino sub-community. Moreover, the family itself can play an enormously important role in supporting and empowering the patient within the medical setting. When in doubt, the best policy is to ask the patient how he or she would like to be addressed.26. Margaret E. "Group Methods and . Compared to White people, Hispanic/Latino people are less likely to receive treatment for depression, anxiety, and other behavioral problems. You explain why these interventions are necessary, but acknowledge her frustration and agree to revise her diet. For instance, a doctor could perceive as evasive a patient who declines to make direct eye contact, when in fact,that patient may be demonstrating respect for the doctor's position and authority. Visit SAMHSA on Instagram Themes common to Latino participants were: "We are put off to one side"; "If I can't work, I can't survive"; and "Without documents, you are no one." ", In 2007, the total U.S. Hispanic or Latino population surpassed 45 million, or 15 percent of the total U.S. population. Such patient activation or motivation for change is more challenging in foreign-born Latinos, but may be achieved through active dialogue and discussion.32 Hopeful involvement in the care plan should replace fatalism or resignation. Very often they have faced extremely hazardous conditions crossing the border-enduring hunger, dehydration, violence from vigilantes, rape, abuse, severe weather conditions and harsh treatment by border agents. Asian or Hispanic ancestry. About 23 percent of Latinos in the United States live in poverty.2. Latinos have disproportionately higher rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus (Table 1).914 Approximately 43 percent of Mexican Americans older than 20 years are obese, compared with 33 percent of the non-Latino white population.12 Diabetes and hypertension are closely linked with obesity; 11.8 percent of Latinos older than 20 years have type 2 diabetes (13.3 percent of Mexican Americans), making it the foremost health issue in this population.14 A higher-calorie diet, a more sedentary lifestyle, and genetic factors contribute to this problem. Hispanic Heritage Month, September 15 - October 15, is an important opportunity to raise awareness about these trends and more importantly, identify culturally and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment strategies to reduce mental and substance use disorders in the Hispanic/Latino population. First-generation immigrants are likely to seek out curanderos, whereas their children may scoff at the idea. al., "Important Health Care Issues for California Latinos: Health Insurance and Health Status," UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, January 2003. 8Holly Mead et. It was developed specially to treat people between the ages of 3 and 18. hispanic methods of treatment. Religion can be a protective factor for mental health in Latinx/Hispanic communities (faith, prayer) but can also contribute to the stigma against mental illness and treatment (demons, lack of faith, sinful behavior), so targeting religious institutions to help encourage good mental health and treatment-seeking is important. First among these, of course, is a language barrier. Rather than operating on the ideal of an informed, active individual who makes decisions based on his or her own personal good, many Latino cultures consider as paramount the individual's obligation to the family and broader community. The final commentary, drawing on the others, seeks to join the issues from an explicitly bioethical perspective. Despite a lack of U.S. studies, a Norwegian study found that although immigrants from tuberculosis-endemic regions did bring more strains of tuberculosis with them, they did not significantly contribute to the spread of tuberculosis within the resident population.18, Non-Latino physicians may be perplexed by references to folk healing and illness in Latino patients. Her husband died in an industrial accident four years ago, and she is still grieving. Treatment innovations are described that address the combination of intergenerational and cultural differences that occur among youths and their Hispanic parents. . The same is also applies to the substance abuse treatment. After immigration, some Latios adopt American naming conventions, but others do not. Find treatment facilities confidentially and anonymously, 24/7, National Helpline1-800-662-HELP (4357) This is because of barriers to accessing care and stigma surrounding behavioral health problems (Hostetter & Klein, 2018). dissertation, University of Southern Cali-fornia, 1973. , may be one strategy to increase treatment . All Rights Reserved. This article provides an evidence-based review of the prevalence, presentation, and management of major depression in primary care in this heterogeneous ethnic group. In the LEARN model, which is illustrated in the Case Study below,28,29 the physician should first sympathetically listen to the patient's perception of the problem, explain his or her perception of the problem to the patient, acknowledge and discuss any differences and similarities between the two views, recommend a treatment plan, and negotiate agreement.30 Use of the LEARN technique identifies and helps resolve any cultural differences that may arise. Studies show that Hispanics and Latinos seeking substance use disorders and mental health treatment confront many barriers to accessing culturally and linguistically competent care. The teach back technique should be incorporated into the cross-cultural patient encounter to ensure patient understanding of discharge instructions. Roughly half of Black (49%), AIAN (49%), and NHOPI (51%) people are below age 34, compared to . 5Larry D. Purnell and Betty J. Paulanka, "Mexican-Americans," chapter in Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach (Philadelphia: F.A. Research is reviewed demonstrating that BSFT is a promising family-based approach to treating Hispanic youth behavior problems and drug abuse. Most, although not all, alternative therapies in the Latino community are not harmful and may be combined with conventional care. Hispanic people are the youngest population, with 33% below age 18, and 57% below age 34 (Figure 4). Media Contact . For instance, 2002 estimates of life expectancy for Latinos was 77.2/83.7 years (male/female) compared to 68.4/75.1 for African-Americans and 74.7/80.1 for non-Hispanic whites.3 Latinos are less likely than non-Hispanic whites and African-Americans to suffer from heart disease (which is nevertheless the leading cause of death in all three groups). The point deserves emphasis: Health care providers must be cautious not to oversimplify the values, customs, and beliefs that characterize any ethnic group-especially one as heterogeneous as Latinos. Latinos have disproportionately higher rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus. This consortium study defined distinct somatic cancer gene mutation patterns by race/ethnicity and sex among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), yielding novel biological clues into early-onset CRC disparities. 17Delese Wear, "Insurgent Multiculturalism: Rethinking How and Why We Teach Culture in Medical Education," Academic Medicine 78/6 (June 2003): 549-554. Significantly, some patients appear to experience greater improvement after meeting with folk practitioners than with Western doctors.14. Older patients should be addressed as seor or seora rather than by their first names. Home remedies, along with "lay healers" are also an integral part of the healthcare regimen for families in this culture. A child's failure to thrive may be attributed to mal de ojo (evil eye), a hex conveyed by an envious glance. A 2020 review study found that those in the Hispanic community may face several barriers that affect access to treatment, including: higher rates of unemployment less likelihood of having. Patients should be asked if they use alternative therapies, because it is not likely that such information will be volunteered. Cold linseed tea and hibiscus flower tea for diabetes. Yet Latinos are at particular risk for diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, hypertension, HIV/AIDS, alcoholism, cirrhosis, and death from violence.4 There is also a disproportionately high prevalence of acute care in the treatment of Latinos; that is, too often patients delay medical care until their conditions worsen and necessitate immediate attention. Treatment referral and information, 24/7, Visit the SAMHSA Facebook page Chagas Disease Is a Consideration in Latino Patients, http://www.stanford.edu/group/ethnoger/hispaniclatino.html, http://www.rice.edu/projects/HispanicHealth, http://www.hogarhispano.homestead.com/HispanicHealth.html, http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/browse.aspx?lvl=1&lvlID=3, http://www.ohsu.edu/xd/education/library/research-assistance/patient-education-handouts.cfm/, https://www.aamc.org/download/54328/data/tacctresourceguide.pdf.pdf, http://depts.washington.edu/pfes/CultureClues.htm. Interferon gammarelease screening tests are preferable to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants who have received the bacille Calmette-Gurin vaccine. In Santa Clara County the figure is 25.7 percent-over a quarter of the total population. In some cases, discussing personal family issues might feel like a form of disloyalty to a Hispanic recovering addict in a group therapy . Delgado Melvin Activities and Hispanic Groups Issues and Suggestions Social from FIL. Latinos are a multiracial, multicultural group." Some Mexican Americans have been in the US for many generations. 2U.S. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-commercial reference. Lack of third party reimbursement for professional interpreter services exacerbates this problem. Natural laxatives such as oil with orange juice (or just oil in some cases). You call the dietitian to alert him to this patient's cultural concerns. Missing data was handled using this carry-forward method. [4] In some studies, the rate of non-adherence ranges between 31% and 44% among Latinos (Lanouette et al., 2009). During Maria's next visit, you arrange for a telephone interpreter, which enables you to take a brief social history. (Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, 2001): 4. 2 Although the new guidelines comprehensively address how to define, measure, and treat high blood pressure . Methods: Data from the National Mental Health Services Survey conducted in 2014 (N=13,015 facilities) and 2019 (N=12,345 facilities) were used to measure changes in the proportions of facilities that offered treatment in Spanish overall and by year, state, and proportion of Hispanic residents. hispanic methods of treatmentfeminine form of lent in french. Puerto Ricans have a 14 percent higher rate of hypertension-related mortality than other Latino groups. Visit SAMHSA on Twitter 4Center for Disease Control and Prevention, "Leading Causes of Death," accessed at www.cdc.gov/men/lcod/index.htm; and Richard Allen Williams, "Cultural Diversity, Health Care Disparities, and Cultural Competency in American Medicine," Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, Vol. Trauma-Focused CBT is one of the most effective types of treatment for a trauma-based disorder, particularly in adolescents and children. As with any circumscribed ethnic group, there is, of course, enormous cultural heterogeneity among Latino patients-to the point where it seems almost ludicrous to try to identify broad cultural tendencies across such diversity. These include simpata (kindness), personalismo (friendliness), and respeto (respect).25 Simpata emphasizes politeness and conflict avoidance. These instructions can be studied by the patient or translated when time permits. Karen Peterson-Iyer is a program specialist in health care ethics at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics.
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